@article {820, title = {Successful implementation of a unit-based quality nurse to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infections.}, journal = {Am J Infect Control}, volume = {42}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Feb}, pages = {139-43}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND: Central line (CL)-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are an important cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Novel strategies to prevent CLABSI are needed.

METHODS: We described a quasiexperimental study to examine the effect of the presence of a unit-based quality nurse (UQN) dedicated to perform patient safety and infection control activities with a focus on CLABSI prevention in a surgical intensive care unit (SICU).

RESULTS: From July 2008 to March 2012, there were 3,257 SICU admissions; CL utilization ratio was 0.74 (18,193 CL-days/24,576 patient-days). The UQN program began in July 2010; the nurse was present for 30\% (193/518) of the days of the intervention period of July 2010 to March 2012. The average CLABSI rate was 5.0 per 1,000 CL-days before the intervention and 1.5 after the intervention and decreased by 5.1\% (P = .005) for each additional 1\% of days of the month that the UQN was present, even after adjusting for CLABSI rates in other adult intensive care units, time, severity of illness, and Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program participation (5.1\%, P = .004). Approximately 11.4 CLABSIs were prevented.

CONCLUSION: The presence of a UQN dedicated to perform infection control activities may be an effective strategy for CLABSI reduction.

}, keywords = {Adult, Catheter-Related Infections, Catheterization, Central Venous, Humans, Infection Control, Intensive Care Units, Nurses, Quality Control, Quality of Health Care}, issn = {1527-3296}, doi = {10.1016/j.ajic.2013.08.006}, author = {Thom, Kerri A and Li, Shanshan and Custer, Melissa and Preas, Michael Anne and Rew, Cindy D and Cafeo, Christina and Leekha, Surbhi and Caffo, Brian S and Scalea, Thomas M and Lissauer, Matthew E} } @article {823, title = {Comparison of total hospital-acquired bloodstream infections to central line-associated bloodstream infections and implications for outcome measures in infection control.}, journal = {Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol}, volume = {34}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 Sep}, pages = {984-6}, abstract = {

The validity of the central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) measure is compromised by subjectivity. We observed significant decreases in both CLABSIs and total hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (BSIs) following a CLABSI prevention intervention in adult intensive care units. Total hospital-acquired BSIs could be explored as an adjunct, objective CLABSI measure.

}, keywords = {Adult, Catheter-Related Infections, Catheterization, Central Venous, Cross Infection, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Longitudinal Studies, Tertiary Care Centers}, issn = {1559-6834}, doi = {10.1086/671730}, author = {Leekha, Surbhi and Li, Shanshan and Thom, Kerri A and Preas, Michael Anne and Caffo, Brian S and Morgan, Daniel J and Harris, Anthony D} } @article {825, title = {Isoosmolar enemas demonstrate preferential gastrointestinal distribution, safety, and acceptability compared with hyperosmolar and hypoosmolar enemas as a potential delivery vehicle for rectal microbicides.}, journal = {AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses}, volume = {29}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 Nov}, pages = {1487-95}, abstract = {

Rectally applied antiretroviral microbicides for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of HIV infection are currently in development. Since enemas (rectal douches) are commonly used by men who have sex with men prior to receptive anal intercourse, a microbicide enema could enhance PrEP adherence by fitting seamlessly within the usual sexual practices. We assessed the distribution, safety, and acceptability of three enema types-hyperosmolar (Fleet), hypoosmolar (distilled water), and isoosmolar (Normosol-R)-in a crossover design. Nine men received each enema type in random order. Enemas were radiolabeled [(99m)Tc-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)] to assess enema distribution in the colon using single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging. Plasma (99m)Tc-DTPA indicated mucosal permeability. Sigmoidoscopic colon tissue biopsies were taken to assess injury as well as tissue penetration of the (99m)Tc-DTPA. Acceptability was assessed after each product use and at the end of the study. SPECT/CT imaging showed that the isoosmolar enema had greater proximal colonic distribution (up to the splenic flexure) and greater luminal and colon tissue concentrations of (99m)Tc-DTPA when compared to the other enemas (p<0.01). Colon biopsies also showed that only the hyperosmolar enema caused sloughing of the colonic epithelium (p<0.05). In permeability testing, the hypoosmolar enema had higher plasma (99m)Tc-DTPA 24-h area under the concentration-time curve and peak concentration compared to the hyperosmolar and isoosmolar enemas, respectively. Acceptability was generally good with no clear preferences among the three enema types. The isoosmolar enema was superior or similar to the other enemas in all categories and is a good candidate for further development as a rectal microbicide vehicle.

}, keywords = {Anti-Infective Agents, Biopsy, Colon, Sigmoid, Enema, HIV Infections, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Male, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Solutions, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon}, issn = {1931-8405}, doi = {10.1089/AID.2013.0189}, author = {Leyva, Francisco J and Bakshi, Rahul P and Fuchs, Edward J and Li, Liye and Caffo, Brian S and Goldsmith, Arthur J and Ventuneac, Ana and Carballo-Di{\'e}guez, Alex and Du, Yong and Leal, Jeffrey P and Lee, Linda A and Torbenson, Michael S and Hendrix, Craig W} } @article {685, title = {Analysis of tiling array expression studies with flexible designs in Bioconductor (waveTiling.}, journal = {BMC Bioinformatics}, volume = {13}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Sep 14}, pages = {234}, abstract = {

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Existing statistical methods for tiling array transcriptome data either focus on transcript discovery in one biological or experimental condition or on the detection of differential expression between two conditions. Increasingly often, however, biologists are interested in time-course studies, studies with more than two conditions or even multiple-factor studies. As these studies are currently analyzed with the traditional microarray analysis techniques, they do not exploit the genome-wide nature of tiling array data to its full potential. RESULTS: We present an R Bioconductor package, waveTiling, which implements a wavelet-based model for analyzing transcriptome data and extends it towards more complex experimental designs. With waveTiling the user is able to discover (1) group-wise expressed regions, (2) differentially expressed regions between any two groups in single-factor studies and in (3) multifactorial designs. Moreover, for time-course experiments it is also possible to detect (4) linear time effects and (5) a circadian rhythm of transcripts. By considering the expression values of the individual tiling probes as a function of genomic position, effect regions can be detected regardless of existing annotation. Three case studies with different experimental set-ups illustrate the use and the flexibility of the model-based transcriptome analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The waveTiling package provides the user with a convenient tool for the analysis of tiling array trancriptome data for a multitude of experimental set-ups. Regardless of the study design, the probe-wise analysis allows for the detection of transcriptional effects in both exonic, intronic and intergenic regions, without prior consultation of existing annotation.

}, issn = {1471-2105}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-13-234}, author = {De Beuf, K. and Pipelers, Peter and Andriankaja, Megan and Thas, O. and Inz{\'e}, Dirk and Crainiceanu, C and Clement, Lieven} } @article {pmid22472185, title = {Cadmium Exposure and All Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in the US General Population}, journal = {Environ Health Perspect}, year = {2012}, month = {Apr}, author = {Tellez-Plaza, M. and Navas-Acien, A. and Menke, A. and Crainiceanu, C and Pastor-Barriuso, R. and Guallar, E.} } @article {thom, title = {Comparison of swab versus sponge methodology for the identification of acinetobacter baumannii from the hospital environment}, journal = {Accepted in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology}, year = {2012}, author = {Thom, K and Howard, T and Sembajwe, S and Harris, A and Strassle, P and Caffo, B and Caroll, K and Johnson, J} } @article {ellignton, title = {Computerized lung sound analysis to improve the specificity of pediatric pneumonia in resource-poor settings}, journal = {Accepted in the British Medical Journal Open}, year = {2012}, author = {Ellington, L and Gilman, R and Tielsch, J and Steinhoff, M and Figueroa, D and Rodriguez, S and Caffo, B and Tracey, B and West, J and Checkley, W} } @article {pmid22499683, title = {Fast wavelet based functional models for transcriptome analysis with tiling arrays}, journal = {Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, pages = {1{\textendash}36}, author = {Clement, Lieven and De Beuf, K. and Thas, O. and Vuylsteke, M. and Irizarry, R and Crainiceanu, C} } @article {830, title = {Total white matter hyperintensity volume in bipolar disorder patients and their healthy relatives.}, journal = {Bipolar Disord}, volume = {14}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Dec}, pages = {888-93}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVES: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are more common in subjects with bipolar disorder (BP) than in healthy subjects (HS). Few studies have examined the effect of the diagnostic type of bipolar illness on WMH burden, and none have approached this question through a direct measurement of the volume of affected white matter in relationship to familiality. In this pilot study, we utilized a volumetric measurement of WMH to investigate the relationship between the total volume of WMH and the familiality and type of BP.

METHODS: Forty-five individuals with bipolar I disorder (BP-I) with psychotic features, BP-I without psychotic features, or bipolar II disorder (BP-II), seven of their unaffected relatives, and 32 HS were recruited for participation. T-2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained on all subjects, and the total volume of all WMH for each subject was measured in cubic centimeters. The significance of difference between groups was tested using ANOVA with post-hoc adjustment for multiple comparisons. Further, we used logistic regression to test for trends between symptom load and total WMH volume.

RESULTS: The mean total volume of WMH in BP-I patients with psychotic features was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of HS. Further, we observed a positive linear trend by familiality and type of affectedness when comparing mean total WMH volume of HS, unaffected family members, subjects with BP-II, and BP-I with and without a history of psychosis (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Based on a quantitative technique, WMH burden appears to be associated with familiality and type of BP. The significance of these findings remains to be fully elucidated.

}, keywords = {Adult, Analysis of Variance, Bipolar Disorder, Brain, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Leukoencephalopathies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated}, issn = {1399-5618}, doi = {10.1111/bdi.12019}, author = {Tighe, Sarah K and Reading, Sarah A and Rivkin, Paul and Caffo, Brian and Schweizer, Barbara and Pearlson, Godfrey and Potash, James B and Depaulo, J Raymond and Bassett, Susan S} } @article {PACE:PACE2905, title = {Clinical predictors of conduction disease progression in type I myotonic muscular dystrophy}, journal = {Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, PMCID: PMC3035751}, volume = {34}, number = {2}, year = {2011}, pages = {171{\textendash}176}, publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Inc}, keywords = {cardiomyopathy, conduction disease, electrocardiography, myotonic muscular dystrophy, sudden death}, issn = {1540-8159}, doi = {10.1111/j.1540-8159.2010.02905.x}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2010.02905.x}, author = {Nazarian, S and Wagner, K and Caffo, B and Tomaselli, G} } @article {lewis2011differential, title = {Differential involvement of striato-and cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathways in tremor-and akinetic/rigid-predominant Parkinson{\textquoteright}s disease}, journal = {Neuroscience}, year = {2011}, publisher = {Elsevier}, author = {Lewis, M.M. and Du, G. and Sen, S. and Kawaguchi, A. and Truong, Y. and Lee, S. and Mailman, R.B. and Huang, X.} } @article {nicole2, title = {Distribution of Cell-free and Cell-associated HIV surrogates in the Colon Following Simulated Receptive Anal Intercourse in Healthy Men}, journal = {Journal of Acquired Immune Defficiency Syndromes, Basic and Translational Science}, volume = {59}, number = {1}, year = {2011}, pages = {10{\textendash}17}, author = {Louissaint, N and Nimmagadda, S and Fuchs, E and Bashki, R and Cao, Y and Lee, L and Goldsmith, J and Caffo, B and Du, Y and King, K and Menendez, F and Torbenson, M and Hendrix, C} } @article {lee2011independent, title = {Independent Component Analysis Involving Autocorrelated Sources With an Application to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association}, volume = {106}, number = {495}, year = {2011}, pages = {1009{\textendash}1024}, publisher = {ASA}, author = {Lee, S. and Shen, H. and Truong, Y. and Lewis, M. and Huang, X.} } @article {pmid20693268, title = {Cadmium and peripheral arterial disease: gender differences in the 1999-2004 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey}, journal = {Am. J. Epidemiol.}, volume = {172}, number = {6}, year = {2010}, month = {Sep}, pages = {671{\textendash}681}, author = {Tellez-Plaza, M. and Navas-Acien, A. and Crainiceanu, C and Sharrett, A. R. and Guallar, E.} } @conference {Knei:Brez:Crai:gene:2010, title = {Generalized Semiparametric Regression with Covariates Measured with Error}, booktitle = {Statistical Modelling and Regression Structures: Festschrift in Honour of Ludwig Fahrmeir}, year = {2010}, pages = {133{\textendash}154}, publisher = {Physica-Verlag Ges.m.b.H}, organization = {Physica-Verlag Ges.m.b.H}, author = {Kneib, Thomas and Brezger, Andreas and Crainiceanu, C}, editor = {Kneib, Thomas and Tutz, Gerhard} } @article {segev2010perioperative, title = {Perioperative Mortality and Long-term Survival Following Live Kidney Donation}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association, NIHMSID: 316358}, volume = {303}, number = {10}, year = {2010}, pages = {959{\textendash}966}, publisher = {Am Med Assoc}, author = {Segev, D and Muzaale, A and Caffo, B and Mehta, S and Singer, A and Taranto, S and McBride, M and Montgomery, R} } @article {nazarian:qrs, title = {QRS Prolongation in Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy and Diffuse Fibrosis on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, PMCID: PMC3034129}, volume = {64}, number = {1}, year = {2010}, pages = {107{\textendash}114}, author = {Nazarian, S and Bluemke, D and Wagner, K and Zviman, M and Turkbey, E and Caffo, B and Shehata, M and Edwards,D and Butcher, B and Calkins, H and Berger, R and Halperin, H and Tomaselli, G} } @article {Wager09a, title = {Brain mediators of cardiovascular responses to social threat, Part I: Reciprocal dorsal and ventral sub-regions of the medial prefrontal cortex and heart-rate reactivity}, journal = {NeuroImage}, volume = {47}, year = {2009}, pages = {821-835}, author = {Wager, T.D. and Waugh, C.E. and Lindquist, Martin A and Noll, D.C. and Fredrickson, B.L. and Taylor, S.F.} } @article {pmid18197299, title = {Cadmium exposure and hypertension in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)}, journal = {Environ. Health Perspect.}, volume = {116}, number = {1}, year = {2008}, month = {Jan}, pages = {51{\textendash}56}, author = {Tellez-Plaza, M. and Navas-Acien, A. and Crainiceanu, C and Guallar, E.} } @article {Carr:Rupp:Crai:Tost:Kara:nonl:2004, title = {Nonlinear and Nonparametric Regression and Instrumental Variables}, journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association}, volume = {99}, number = {467}, year = {2004}, pages = {736{\textendash}750}, keywords = {Bayesian methods, Identifiability, Measurement error, Simulation extrapolation, Splines, structural modeling}, author = {Carroll, Raymond J. and Ruppert, D. and Crainiceanu, C and Tosteson, Tor D. and Karagas, Margaret R.} }